Answers

1. Glucagon is a important hormone which is involved in the metabolism of:

CARBOHYDRATES

2. Often described as having the opposite effect of insulin, which instructs the cells of the body to take in glucose from the blood:

GLUCAGON

3. It is where the hormone is synthesized and secreted, which are located in the endocrine portion of the pancreas:

ALPHA CELLS

4. Give the main function of glucagon.

GLUCAGON HELPS MAINTAIN THE LEVEL OF GLUCOSE IN THE BLOOD

5. Pathway by which non-hexose substrates such as amino acids are converted to glucose.

GLUCONEOGENESIS

6-8. Give three conditions associated with decrease secretion of glucagon.

-SOMATOSTATIN
-INSULIN
-INCREASED FREE FATTY ACIDS AND KETOACIDS INTO THE BLOOD

9. A heterotrimeric protein with α, β, and γ subunits.

G PROTEINS

10. Define glycogenolysis.

Is the catabolism of glycogen by removal of a glucose monomer through cleavage with inorganic phosphate to produce glucose-1-phosphate.

11- 15.
A 34 year old women came to the hospital today with her chief complains of frequent headaches, increase hunger and heavy thirst. She also complained about her vision sometimes blurs. She also said that she easily gets tired. So the doctor asked her to under go some laboratory test to know her exact condition about the symptoms she is experiencing.

TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

16- 20.
A 30 year old male appears to have red-brown skin rashes. He complains about having a smooth texture of his tongue, and also he is experiencing lip inflammation. In his last laboratory findings his red blood cells are below normal range while his white blood cells are above the normal range, which may indicate a condition of anemia. To further explore his condition he was advised by the doctor to have another laboratory test.

GLUCAGONOMA SYNDROME